3 to evaluate c) a goal
4 to deserve d) in one’s career
5 to master e) one’s progress
3. Language review – Граматичний матеріал
Modals: Ability, request and offer
Modal verbs are very common in English. Match these functions to the examples: making an offer, describing ability, making request:
Can you help me?
Could you repeat that, please?
He could speak four languages before he was ten.
Can I help you?
Would you like a drink?
I can speak French and Spanish
1. Rearrange the words in 1 to 9 to make questions from a job interview. Then decide whether each question is a) making a request, b) making an offer or c) asking about ability:
1. get you can I anything? Can I get you anything? (making an offer)
2. details contact your confirm I could?
3. can you software package use this?
4. speak languages any other you can?
5. about tell you job us your present more could?
6. tell your current salary me you could?
7. would you as soon as possible your decision let us know?
8. start you when can?
9. like coffee some more you would?
2. Match the questions in Exercise 1 with the interviewee’s answers below:
a) It’s 43 thousand.
b) Yes, I use it a lot in my current job.
c) I can let you know next week.
d) Thank you. A coffee, please
e) Yes, the address is the same, but my e-mail has changed.
f) I’d love some. Thank you.
g) Well, I’m currently responsible for European sales.
h) Yes, I can speak French and Spanish.
i) My notice period is two months.
3. Complete these sentences with the appropriate form (positive or negative) of can, could or would:
1. ….like to work overtime, even if the pay was very good.
2. ….speak any foreign languages when I was ten years old.
3. ….use a computer of course, but unfortunately I ….use spreadsheets. It’s something I really want to learn.
4. If possible, I ………….like to work regular hours.
5. Five years ago, I ………………speak English at all.
Модуль 2. Selling on-line
1. Дайте відповіді на запитання:
1. What do you or don’t you like about shopping? What are the advantages of shopping online?
2. Which of the below mentioned items have you bought online? Why?
3. Which of those items would you not buy online, and why? Give three reasons why some people prefer not to buy goods and services online.
books and magazines designer clothes CDs perfume holidays groceries jewellery travel/concert tickets
2. Read the article, using dictionary. Translate it.
Worry for retailers as web shopping clicks into place
For traditional stores, online shopping has become a cause for concern in a difficult retail environment. The Internet is accounting for more spending than ever. In addition, It also makes it easier for consumers to compare prices in across a far bigger selection of items than a trip to the high street.
'The way the Internet encourages people to shop about is having a big impact on the market,' says Nick Gladding of Verdict Research, a consultancy. Internet retailers have been able to offer cut- throat pricesbecause they do not have to bear the cost of running a physical shop.
Price-comparison websites, such as Kelkoo, where a shopper can compare compare prices on any product from DVDs to Prada perfume to get the best deal, make the market even more competitive. 'It is a lot more competitive online because you are always just one click away from a rival,' says a CEO.
Retailers selling electrical goods have been particularly hit by the Internet, as items such as televisions and DVD players become more common purchases. This creates a dilemma for retailers who sell products both online and in shops
Some bricks-and-roortar retailers are adopting a model of dual pricing in order to keep their position online while maintainig margins in their shops. Mr Gladding says dual pricing will become harder to practise as consumers become better at surfing the Internet, 'In the longer run, prices must come together,' he says.
To be successful in operating in the online and offline world, retailers should probably try to integrate the two as much as possible. Some businesses, for example, have set up their operation to allow customers to shop online, over the telephone or in stores.
2. Answer these questions about the article.
1. Give two reasons why online shopping makes the market extremely competitive?
2. Why are retailers who sell products both online and in shops in a difficult position?
3. Why is the practice of dual pricing only a short-term solution, according to Mr Gladding?
4. How can retailers make the best of both the online and offline world?
3. Language review – Граматичний матеріал
Modals: must, need to, have to, should
- We use should or shouldn’t to say than it is a good or bad idea to do something.
Online retailers should acknowledge all orders by e-mail.
Websites shouldn’t be too complicated.
- We use have to or need to to say that something is necessary or very important.
The site has to work quickly and effectively.
Online retailers need to offer guarantees to their customers.
- We use don’t have to or don’t need to if something is not necessary.
You don’t have to queue when you buy online.
If you buy now, you don’t need to pay anything until next year.
- Must is very similar to have to.
I really must try to spend less money online.
- But mustn’t is not the same as don’t have to. You use mustn’t to say that somebody is not allowed to do something.
You mustn’t use the Internet at work for personal purposes. (=Don’t use the Internet at work for personal purposes.)
4. Read these rules of an online book club. Then answer the questions:
- You must be 18 or over.
- You shouldn’t give the password to anyone.
- You don’t have to buy ever month.
- You don’t have to buy our recommendations.
- You need to buy ten books per year.
- You don’t have to pay after each purchase.
- You must pay within three months.
- Can you join if you are 17?
- Can you give your password to a friend if you want to?
- Is it necessary to buy a book ever month?
- Is it necessary to buy s recommendations?
- Can you buy only books per year?
- Is it necessary to pay after each purchase?
- Is it necessary to pay within three months?
2. Complete these sentences (1-8) with suitable endings (a-h). Translate them.
1.It’s getting late a) so we don’t need to order any more yet.
2.I can work from home b) so we must not make a mistake.
3.I’ve been transferred to Madrid c) so you must not forget to back up files.
4.This deal is too important to lose d) so you’ll have to stay and finish it.
5.We lost our database once before e) so I have to learn some Spanish.
6.I’m afraid this report is urgent f) so we have to go.
7.I think we’re all in agreement g) so I don’t have to go into the office much.
8.We’ve still got plenty of stock in the warehouse h) so we don’t need to discuss it any further.
Модуль 3. Companies
1. Vocabulary – Нова лексика
1.Complete the sentences below with words and phrases from the box. Translate the sentences.
share price workforce profit turnover subsidiary market share head office
1. The amount of money a company receives from sales in a particular period is called turnover.
2. The money a company makes after taking away its costs is its ………… .
3. A company which is more than 50% owned by a parent company is called a ……….. .
4. The employees in particular country or business are called the ………. .
5. The percentage of sales a company has in a particular market is its …………. .
6. The main building or location of a large organization is its ……….. .
7. The cost of a company’s shares is its ……… .
2.Complete the chart below with the information from the box.
Peugeot Benetton container ship operator American Express French
Japanese Italian drug and chemical maker drinks supplier
|
Company
|
Main activity
|
Nationality
|
|
Cisco Systems
|
Internet equipment supplier
|
American
|
|
|
Car manufacturer
|
|
|
Bacardi Martini
|
|
Spanish
|
|
|
Travel and financial services provider
|
American
|
|
Bayer
|
|
German
|
|
|
Clothing manufacturer
|
|
|
Sony
|
Electronic goods maker
|
|
|
AP Moller- Maersk
|
|
Danish
|
Make 8 sentences about the companies. For example:
Cisco Systems is an American IT company which supplies Internet equipment
Give examples of 3 Ukrainian companies.
2. Read the article 1 and 2. Translate them.
1.Customer service
The main factor for the success of Toyota, the number-one company for customer service, is not only its customer focus, but also its products. Toyota provides the products that customers most want to buy, and designs models that meet people’s changing priorities. In particular, it has responded to the industry trend by providing smaller, more environmentally friendly cars, such as Prius, a hybrid car with both petrol and electric engines.
However, Toyota’s after-sales service too is very much appreciated. “They do everything to make clients satisfied,” says one respondent.
Toyota’s reward for its world-beating customer service is not just to be the world’s most profitable carmaker. It is on course to become the world’s biggest producer.
Three very different computer companies fill the second, third and fourth slots – Dell, IBM and Microsoft. IBM and Dell are nominated for being customer-focused, while Microsoft scored more highly on products.
2.Commitment to communities
Microsoft scores most highly in the eyes of chief executives for demonstrating commitment to, and investment in, communities.
Among the reasons they give are the work of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the company’s ‘respect for local community needs’ and the large sums it spends on sponsorship.
‘Bill Gates’ contributions to charity have dramatically changed the image of Microsoft,’ says one CEO.
Toyota, in second place, has ‘a commitment to train local suppliers and employees,’ says another respondent. Another says the autos company contributes to the protection of environment.
Third is Coca-Cola, which ‘provides a lot of employment’ and ‘adapts to the culture of every country’. BP and McDonald’s take fourth and fifth place, and GE comes sixth.
The next generation of respected companies, says one CEO, will be those that develop environmental technology and medical treatments for global use and that contribute to world peace and safety.
3. Language review – Граматичний матеріал
Present Simple and Present Continuous
We use the Present Simple to:
- Give factual information: Our company produces parts for the car industry.
- Talk about routine activities and habits: I always check my e-mail first thing in the morning.
We use Present Continuous to:
- Describe ongoing situations and action: We’re constantly improving the design of our products.
- Describe temporary situations: She’s staying in Frankfurt till the end of the month.
- Talk about future arrangements: We’re opening a new subsidiary next week.
Some verbs are almost always used in the Present Simple rather than the present continuous, for example like, want, know, need.
1.Complete these sentences with either the present simple or the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
- We normally hold (hold) our sales conference in Spain, but this year we……… (hold) it in Poland.
- Although we ……….. (use) our own sales rep at the moment, we generally ………… (use) agents in Japan.
- It normally …………. (take) us two years to develop a new product.
- We don’t often …………(raise) our prices more than 5%, but this time we ………… (raise) them 10%.
- Usually our Sales Director ……….. (deal) with important customers.
- We usually …………… (recruit) from within the company, but this time we ……….. (advertise) externally.
- We …………… (rent) offices until our new headquarters are ready.
- The company ……………. (want) to achieve record sales this year/
